During the American Civil War, Richmond was the capital of the Confederate States of America. John's Church and the passage of the Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom written by Thomas Jefferson. During the Revolutionary War period, several notable events occurred in the city, including Patrick Henry's " Give me liberty, or give me death!" speech in 1775 at St. Founded in 1737, it replaced Williamsburg as the capital of the Colony and Dominion of Virginia in 1780. Richmond was an important village in the Powhatan Confederacy and was briefly settled by English colonists from Jamestown from 1609 to 1611. Major suburbs include Midlothian to the southwest, Chesterfield to the south, Varina to the southeast, Sandston to the east, Glen Allen to the north and west, Short Pump to the west, and Mechanicsville to the northeast. Surrounded by Henrico and Chesterfield counties, Richmond is at the intersection of Interstate 95 and Interstate 64 and encircled by Interstate 295, Virginia State Route 150 and Virginia State Route 288. Richmond is located at the James River's fall line, 44 mi (71 km) west of Williamsburg, 66 mi (106 km) east of Charlottesville, 91 mi (146 km) east of Lynchburg and 92 mi (148 km) south of Washington, D.C. The Richmond metropolitan area, with 1,260,029 people, is the Commonwealth's third-most populous. The city's population in the 2020 census was 226,610, up from 204,214 in 2010, making it Virginia's fourth-most populous city. Incorporated in 1742, Richmond has been an independent city since 1871. Richmond ( / ˈ r ɪ tʃ m ə n d/ RICH-mənd) is the capital city of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. Prior to 1071 – Richemont: a town in Normandy, France.ġ071 to 1501 – Richmond: a castle town in Yorkshire, UK.ġ501 to 1742 – Richmond, a palace town in London, UK.
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